Application and Prospect of Biomass Gasification Power Generation Technology in my country -Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment
[Abstract] Biomass gasification power generation technology is an effective way to utilize biomass energy, and it is being widely studied and used increasingly. However, in the use of biomass gasification power generation technology, there are problems such as biomass material transportation, storage, combustion and coking, generation of coke-containing wastewater, and difficult recovery of tail gas, so further research is needed. The use, existing problems and future development direction of biomass gasification power generation technology in China are decomposed.
The available biomass energy in my country is very rich. According to statistics, the total amount of biomass energy available each year is equivalent to 500 million tons of standard coal, but the actual annual utilization of biomass energy is less than 10 million tons of standard coal, and the development potential is huge.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
1 Current status and characteristics of biomass gasification power generation technology
Biomass gasification power generation technology, biomass boiler direct combustion power generation and biomass-coal mixed combustion power generation are three important technologies for biomass power generation. Biomass fuel has the characteristics of high chlorine, high alkali, high volatile matter, low ash melting point, etc., adopts boiler direct combustion biomass power generation and biomass-coal mixed combustion power generation technology, the combustion efficiency is low, and the boiler is prone to corrosion, slagging, Coking and other issues. The biomass gasification power generation technology makes full use of the characteristics that the volatile content of biomass raw materials is as high as 70%, and can precipitate a large amount of volatile components at a relatively low temperature, which can prevent the ash slagging that occurs during the combustion of biomass fuels. , reunion and other issues.
Biomass gasification power generation can be divided into three levels in terms of scale. The following uses straw as an example to illustrate.
(1) Small straw gasification power generation system. The power generation of the system is between 2kW and 160kW, and a downdraft fixed-bed gasifier is used. The gas produced by this gasifier has a low tar content, and the purification system is relatively simple, causing little harm to the environment. It adopts an internal combustion generator set, which is easy to operate and is suitable for lighting or driving small electric motors.
(2) Medium-sized straw gasification power generation system. The power of the system is between 500kW and 5MW. Due to the large gasification capacity, fluidized bed or circulating fluidized bed is mostly used (Fig. 3). Its cooling and filtering system is more perfect than the small power generation system, and more than 90% of the tar is cracked into permanent gas through catalytic cracking. The internal combustion engine generator set is suitable for self-supply power generation in areas with a lot of straw.
The biomass gasification technology process researched by Shandong Provincial Energy Research Institute is: 1) Send the simply pre-solved biomass raw material into the circulating fluidized bed reactor, mix it with high-temperature return material and heat carrier in the reactor, and Driven by the air, it reaches a very high flow rate and forms a high-speed turbulent flow carrying bed; 2) Under the strong heat application and heat and mass transfer application, the pyrolysis and partial oxidation and reduction processes are completed in a very short time, and the initiation The gas is used as gas fuel after dedusting and cooling; 3) The incompletely reacted carbon particles and heat carrier are separated from the gas and returned to the fluidized bed reactor through the recycling system to continuously complete the gasification. The circulating fluidized bed biomass gasification system can achieve a gasification efficiency of more than 78%, the calorific value of the obtained gas is more than 5.0MJ/m3, and the thermal power of the gasifier is more than 2MW.
(3) Large-scale straw gasification power generation system. There are currently two technologies, one is the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and the other is the hot air turbine cycle (HATC). The power of the IGCC power generation system is between 5MW~10MW, and the efficiency can reach 35%~40%. The system consists of material pre-solution equipment, gasification equipment, purification equipment, heat exchange equipment (waste heat boiler, etc.), gas turbine, steam turbine, etc. . The gasification furnace is a circulating fluidized bed or a pressurized fluidized bed, and the purification adopts a ceramic filter element filter, a tar cracking furnace and a tar water washing tower. The system is characterized by a large amount of raw materials, high degree of automation, high system efficiency.
The available biomass energy in my country is very rich. According to statistics, the total amount of biomass energy available each year is equivalent to 500 million tons of standard coal, but the actual annual utilization of biomass energy is less than 10 million tons of standard coal, and the development potential is huge.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
1 Current status and characteristics of biomass gasification power generation technology
Biomass gasification power generation technology, biomass boiler direct combustion power generation and biomass-coal mixed combustion power generation are three important technologies for biomass power generation. Biomass fuel has the characteristics of high chlorine, high alkali, high volatile matter, low ash melting point, etc., adopts boiler direct combustion biomass power generation and biomass-coal mixed combustion power generation technology, the combustion efficiency is low, and the boiler is prone to corrosion, slagging, Coking and other issues. The biomass gasification power generation technology makes full use of the characteristics that the volatile content of biomass raw materials is as high as 70%, and can precipitate a large amount of volatile components at a relatively low temperature, which can prevent the ash slagging that occurs during the combustion of biomass fuels. , reunion and other issues.
Biomass gasification power generation can be divided into three levels in terms of scale. The following uses straw as an example to illustrate.
(1) Small straw gasification power generation system. The power generation of the system is between 2kW and 160kW, and a downdraft fixed-bed gasifier is used. The gas produced by this gasifier has a low tar content, and the purification system is relatively simple, causing little harm to the environment. It adopts an internal combustion generator set, which is easy to operate and is suitable for lighting or driving small electric motors.
(2) Medium-sized straw gasification power generation system. The power of the system is between 500kW and 5MW. Due to the large gasification capacity, fluidized bed or circulating fluidized bed is mostly used (Fig. 3). Its cooling and filtering system is more perfect than the small power generation system, and more than 90% of the tar is cracked into permanent gas through catalytic cracking. The internal combustion engine generator set is suitable for self-supply power generation in areas with a lot of straw.
The biomass gasification technology process researched by Shandong Provincial Energy Research Institute is: 1) Send the simply pre-solved biomass raw material into the circulating fluidized bed reactor, mix it with high-temperature return material and heat carrier in the reactor, and Driven by the air, it reaches a very high flow rate and forms a high-speed turbulent flow carrying bed; 2) Under the strong heat application and heat and mass transfer application, the pyrolysis and partial oxidation and reduction processes are completed in a very short time, and the initiation The gas is used as gas fuel after dedusting and cooling; 3) The incompletely reacted carbon particles and heat carrier are separated from the gas and returned to the fluidized bed reactor through the recycling system to continuously complete the gasification. The circulating fluidized bed biomass gasification system can achieve a gasification efficiency of more than 78%, the calorific value of the obtained gas is more than 5.0MJ/m3, and the thermal power of the gasifier is more than 2MW.
(3) Large-scale straw gasification power generation system. There are currently two technologies, one is the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and the other is the hot air turbine cycle (HATC). The power of the IGCC power generation system is between 5MW~10MW, and the efficiency can reach 35%~40%. The system consists of material pre-solution equipment, gasification equipment, purification equipment, heat exchange equipment (waste heat boiler, etc.), gas turbine, steam turbine, etc. . The gasification furnace is a circulating fluidized bed or a pressurized fluidized bed, and the purification adopts a ceramic filter element filter, a tar cracking furnace and a tar water washing tower. The system is characterized by a large amount of raw materials, high degree of automation, high system efficiency.
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