Graphene: The new darling of industry -Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment
Scientists are extremely excited about the emergence of graphene substances. They believe that it has huge industrial potential, and even predicts that it will subvert the era of chips led by silicon and set off a technological revolution in the future. In 2004, physicist Andre Gam, a physicist at the University of Manchester, and Constantine Novosholov successfully separated from graphite, confirmed that it could exist alone, and the two also won 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
So, do you really want to know what is sacred in graphene?
Future magic material
Graphene is a two -dimensional crystal that is stripped from graphite materials and consisting of carbon atoms. The pencil is gently scratched on the paper, and the traces of the leaves may be several layers or only a layer of graphene.
There is a layer of atoms as thick as graphene. Although it is the thinnest nanomaterial, it does not affect its strong toughness at all. Due to the unique properties of chemical bonds between carbon atoms, graphene is even stronger than steel and harder than diamonds. If a piece of graphene with an area of 1 square meter is made into a suspension, a hammock with a weight of less than 1 mg can withstand one thousand grams of objects.
At the same time, it is also one of the most conductive and almost transparent materials on the earth. This is also the most potential application of graphene -replacing silicon, improving battery efficiency, and improving the efficiency of computer and mobile phone touch screens. It is said that the running speed of the computer processor will be hundreds of times faster.
Various advantages make graphene deeply welcomed by scientists and become the new darling of industry. But I have to say that it is not easy to produce it. Graphene is layered layer by layer. The graphite of 1 mm thick contains about 3 million layers of graphene. At present, it is difficult to peel off a single -layer structure. It is even more difficult to produce pure graphene without impurities. Therefore, the development path of graphene can be described as "bright future and twists and turns."
Interesting new features of graphene
We need to understand this magic material more in order to overcome its production problems. Scientists have observed that under the influence of electric fields, compared with the general metal charged particles, the behavior of the charged particles in pure graphene is a bit "abnormal", and they will hit each other at a fairly fast speed. On the contrary, there is almost no communication and interaction between the inside of ordinary metals. Why is graphene's charged particles so crazy?
It turned out that this was related to the structure of graphene. Graphene has a two -dimensional honeycomb structure, while the ordinary metal is a three -dimensional structure. This special two -dimensional honeycomb structure, a graphene, is like a "particle highway", which allows all electric particles (some of them with positive charge and other negative charge) must be passed from this highway. They exercise at a very fast speed -1/300 at the speed of light, hitting each other at each other, and the opponent will collide with the opponent 10 trillion times per second under room temperature.
Moreover, the researchers found that the active particles inside the graphene were interacting with strong interactions, and their "behavior" was similar to the liquid of water like water, and the energy through the particles was like a wave spread in water. This situation can be described by fluid mechanics, and for this reason, they also calculated the "relativity of graphene's relativity" model. Whether it is the crazy collision of the internal electrons or the fluid model, there is never before.
"Black Hole" in the chip?
Relative theory of streaming mechanics is generally used only when analyzing the theory of black holes, but this characteristic will appear when studying graphene, which surprises researchers. This means that a small graphene may simulate the fluid conditions of other high -energy systems inside the universe.
So, what is the specific situation of simple graphene and complex cosmic celestial bodies?
First of all, we know that most of the world's situation can be explained by classic physics. For example, how does water flow? What is the whereabouts of the whereabouts of a ball from the height, etc., etc., these only need to be explained with mechanical knowledge in classic physics. On the other hand, if it is a very small object, for example, electronics can be explained and described by quantum mechanics. For objects with a huge and very fast exercise, such as galaxies, the relativity physics created by Einstein is described by Einstein.
So, do you really want to know what is sacred in graphene?
Future magic material
Graphene is a two -dimensional crystal that is stripped from graphite materials and consisting of carbon atoms. The pencil is gently scratched on the paper, and the traces of the leaves may be several layers or only a layer of graphene.
There is a layer of atoms as thick as graphene. Although it is the thinnest nanomaterial, it does not affect its strong toughness at all. Due to the unique properties of chemical bonds between carbon atoms, graphene is even stronger than steel and harder than diamonds. If a piece of graphene with an area of 1 square meter is made into a suspension, a hammock with a weight of less than 1 mg can withstand one thousand grams of objects.
At the same time, it is also one of the most conductive and almost transparent materials on the earth. This is also the most potential application of graphene -replacing silicon, improving battery efficiency, and improving the efficiency of computer and mobile phone touch screens. It is said that the running speed of the computer processor will be hundreds of times faster.
Various advantages make graphene deeply welcomed by scientists and become the new darling of industry. But I have to say that it is not easy to produce it. Graphene is layered layer by layer. The graphite of 1 mm thick contains about 3 million layers of graphene. At present, it is difficult to peel off a single -layer structure. It is even more difficult to produce pure graphene without impurities. Therefore, the development path of graphene can be described as "bright future and twists and turns."
Interesting new features of graphene
We need to understand this magic material more in order to overcome its production problems. Scientists have observed that under the influence of electric fields, compared with the general metal charged particles, the behavior of the charged particles in pure graphene is a bit "abnormal", and they will hit each other at a fairly fast speed. On the contrary, there is almost no communication and interaction between the inside of ordinary metals. Why is graphene's charged particles so crazy?
It turned out that this was related to the structure of graphene. Graphene has a two -dimensional honeycomb structure, while the ordinary metal is a three -dimensional structure. This special two -dimensional honeycomb structure, a graphene, is like a "particle highway", which allows all electric particles (some of them with positive charge and other negative charge) must be passed from this highway. They exercise at a very fast speed -1/300 at the speed of light, hitting each other at each other, and the opponent will collide with the opponent 10 trillion times per second under room temperature.
Moreover, the researchers found that the active particles inside the graphene were interacting with strong interactions, and their "behavior" was similar to the liquid of water like water, and the energy through the particles was like a wave spread in water. This situation can be described by fluid mechanics, and for this reason, they also calculated the "relativity of graphene's relativity" model. Whether it is the crazy collision of the internal electrons or the fluid model, there is never before.
"Black Hole" in the chip?
Relative theory of streaming mechanics is generally used only when analyzing the theory of black holes, but this characteristic will appear when studying graphene, which surprises researchers. This means that a small graphene may simulate the fluid conditions of other high -energy systems inside the universe.
So, what is the specific situation of simple graphene and complex cosmic celestial bodies?
First of all, we know that most of the world's situation can be explained by classic physics. For example, how does water flow? What is the whereabouts of the whereabouts of a ball from the height, etc., etc., these only need to be explained with mechanical knowledge in classic physics. On the other hand, if it is a very small object, for example, electronics can be explained and described by quantum mechanics. For objects with a huge and very fast exercise, such as galaxies, the relativity physics created by Einstein is described by Einstein.
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